{"id":629,"date":"2018-05-31T10:51:20","date_gmt":"2018-05-31T14:51:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/artsci.case.edu\/smat50\/?page_id=629"},"modified":"2018-05-31T11:45:27","modified_gmt":"2018-05-31T15:45:27","slug":"james-daniel-bjorken","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/artsci.case.edu\/smat50\/james-daniel-bjorken\/","title":{"rendered":"James Daniel Bjorken"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Bjorken\"James Daniel Bjorken<\/strong><\/p>\n

Born 22 June 1934\u00a0Chicago IL<\/p>\n

1952 Graduated\u00a0Maine Township High School\u00a0Park Ridge IL<\/p>\n

1956 Bachelor of Science\u00a0Massachusetts Institute of Technology\u00a0Cambridge MA<\/p>\n

1959 Ph. D. in Physics\u00a0Stanford University\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1959-1962 Research Associate; Assistant Professor\u00a0Stanford University\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1962-1979 Associate Professor; Professor\u00a0Stanford Linear Accelerator Center\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1979-1989 Theoretical Physicist\u00a0Associate Director for Physics\u00a0Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory\u00a0Batavia IL<\/p>\n

1989-1998 Theoretical Physicist\u00a0Stanford Linear Accelerator Center\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1998- Professor Emeritus\u00a0Stanford University\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Research Highlights<\/p>\n

1956-1960 Derived general rules for the existence of\u00a0singularities of Feynman amplitudes in quantum field
\ntheory; concurrently discovered by L. D. Landau in the\u00a0USSR.<\/p>\n

1960-1970 Co-authored with Sidney Drell a pair of textbooks,\u00a0“Relativistic Quantum Mechanics”, and “Relativistic\u00a0Quantum Fields”, which served as standard graduate\u00a0texts for over twenty years.\u00a0With Sheldon Glashow, presented arguments for the\u00a0existence of a fourth kind of quark, and in particular\u00a0suggested its name: “charmed”.\u00a0Studied the short distance behavior of commutators of\u00a0weak and electromagnetic currents, leading to a method\u00a0which was the precursor of the well-known operator\u00a0product expansion. These studies led to derivation of\u00a0various sum rules. The modern version of one of these,\u00a0for scattering of polarized electrons on polarized\u00a0nucleons, is well verified and is of special importance.\u00a0These studies led to speculations regarding a\u00a0constituent structure of nucleons, and also led to the\u00a0suggestion of a scaling behavior in electron-proton\u00a0scattering. This was found to be true in the celebrated\u00a0SLAC-MIT series of experiments, and was influential in\u00a0the development of the parton model of proton structure\u00a0by Richard Feynman.\u00a0With Berman and Kogut, stressed the importance of\u00a0studying hadron-hadron collision processes containing\u00a0high transverse momentum secondary particles. The single\u00a0particle spectra which might be observed were estimated;\u00a0eventually copious production of such particles were\u00a0observed.<\/p>\n

1970-1980 Studied the space-time mechanisms by which quarks do\u00a0not emerge as isolated particles, even in the most\u00a0violent of high energy collisions. This led to the\u00a0proposal of the “inside-outside cascade” mechanism,\u00a0which was independently developed by the Lund group and\u00a0which forms the basis of many modern simulations of\u00a0particle production.\u00a0Proposed “jet spectroscopy” for hadron-hadron\u00a0collisions, namely the reconstruction of parton-parton\u00a0collision kinematics via the observation of jets\u00a0of hadrons in the final states.\u00a0Contributed critical reviews and summaries of\u00a0the development of the standard model, in terms of\u00a0lecture series and conference summaries.<\/p>\n

1980-1990 Participated in an experiment, E137, at SLAC devoted to\u00a0the search for a conjectured particle called axion.\u00a0Led a design group which proposed a site-filling\u00a0proton-antiproton colliding beam facility at Fermilab\u00a0(Dedicated Collider).\u00a0Created, with S. Mtingwa, a definitive formalism for\u00a0calculating the growth of beams in storage rings due to\u00a0intrabeam scattering.\u00a0Building upon the earlier work on inside-outside\u00a0cascades, constructed a hydrodynamic model of\u00a0central particle production in ion-ion collisions, which\u00a0is finding wide use in the analysis of data from those\u00a0reactions.\u00a0Encouraged the experimental development of the physics\u00a0of the fifth, “bottom” quark, and contributed to the\u00a0theory, in particular (with I. Dunietz) to the\u00a0popularization of the “unitary-triangle” construction,\u00a0and to the development of Heavy Quark Effective Theory.\u00a0As Fermilab’s Associate Director for Physics, served as\u00a0liason and ombudsperson between experimental teams,\u00a0laboratory management, and program committees.<\/p>\n

1990-1999 Promoted the creation of detectors which have the\u00a0capability of observing complete events in high energy\u00a0proton-proton collisions, by submitting a proposal to\u00a0the Superconducting Supercollider Laboratory in Texas\u00a0(“Full Acceptance Detector”) and organizing a working\u00a0group.\u00a0After the demise of the SSC, continued by leading,\u00a0together with C. C. Taylor, a small test\/experiment at\u00a0the Fermilab Tevatron Collider (T864, MiniMAX) designed\u00a0to search for a modified form of strongly-interacting\u00a0“vacuum”, called disoriented chiral condensate.\u00a0Contributed to another initiative, FELIX, at the CERN\u00a0laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland, which is\u00a0a proposal for the new Large Hadron Collider of a\u00a0detector which could see complete events.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Honors and Awards<\/p>\n

Dannie Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics of the American
\nPhysical Society.
\nErnest Orlando Lawrence Medal, awarded by the Department of Energy\u00a0or research in theoretical physics.
\nHonorary Doctorate, University of Torino<\/p>\n

1995-1996 Eastman Professor, Oxford University<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Professional Societies<\/p>\n

National Academy of Sciences
\nAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences
\nForeign Member, Swedish Academy of Sciences<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

James Daniel Bjorken<\/strong><\/p>\n

Born 22 June 1934\u00a0Chicago IL<\/p>\n

1952 Graduated\u00a0Maine Township High School\u00a0Park Ridge IL<\/p>\n

1956 Bachelor of Science\u00a0Massachusetts Institute of Technology\u00a0Cambridge MA<\/p>\n

1959 Ph. D. in Physics\u00a0Stanford University\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1959-1962 Research Associate; Assistant Professor\u00a0Stanford University\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1962-1979 Associate Professor; Professor\u00a0Stanford Linear Accelerator Center\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1979-1989 Theoretical Physicist\u00a0Associate Director for Physics\u00a0Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory\u00a0Batavia IL<\/p>\n

1989-1998 Theoretical Physicist\u00a0Stanford Linear Accelerator Center\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

1998- Professor Emeritus\u00a0Stanford University\u00a0Stanford CA<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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